Centos部署Hexo个人博客实战指南
发表更新环境搭建28 分钟读完 (大约4175个字)

Centos部署Hexo个人博客实战指南

笔者一直以来都习惯于在稀土掘金平台进行技术博文的分享和记录。掘金作为一个独立运营的第三方平台，确实提供了优质的技术交流环境和丰富的资源，对技术人来说是一片很好的内容创作天地。然而，随着使用时间的增加，笔者开始意识到自己在数据安全方面的隐患以及平台依赖的问题。

首先，掘金目前并没有提供历史文章的导出功能，这意味着用户的所有创作内容都被深深绑定在平台之上，一旦平台无法正常运行或出现类似删库跑路这样的极端情况，用户可能就会面临失去所有文章的风险。此外，如果管理员误删数据、服务器故障导致数据丢失等问题出现，则笔者之前所有的心血可能会付之东流。这种“不受控制”的内容存储方式让我感到缺乏安全感和预见性。

因此，笔者回忆起自己之前曾研究过的个人博客搭建方式，并决定重新捡起基于 Hexo 的博客搭建工具，来构建一个完全属于自己的内容创作和存储空间。在拥有个人博客的基础上，不仅可以保持创作自由，同时也能确保数据的安全和持久性。接下来，本文将详细记录 Hexo 博客的搭建过程，希望对有相同需求的朋友有所帮助。

环境推荐

  • 本地环境：Windows11
  • 服务器环境：RockyLinux 8.10（Centos系列）

服务器环境搭建

为了方便我直接使用了root用户进行操作，如果想要使用其他用户进行搭建要主要权限问题哦！

安装git环境

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sudo yum install -y git

安装nodejs与pnpm环境

打开node.js-download这个链接，选择符合自己的系统环境复制命令到终端进行下载即可。

安装nginx环境

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# 通过yum安装nginx
sudo yum install -y nginx
# 启动nginx开机自启
sudo systemctl enable nginx
# 启动nginx服务
sudo systemctl start nginx
# 查看nginx状态
sudo systemctl status nginx

创建博客目录与git钩子

创建git钩子是为了当本地环境执行hexo d时可以实时更新服务器的博文内容

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# 创建博客目录
mkdir -p /root/document/blog
# 创建git钩子
cd /root/document && git init --bare hexo.git
sudo tee /root/document/hexo.git/hooks/post-receive <<'EOF'
git --work-tree=/root/document/blog --git-dir=/root/document/hexo.git checkout -f
EOF
# 基于钩子文件执行权限
sudo chmod +x /root/document/hexo.git/hooks/post-receive

配置nginx代理

  1. 修改/etc/nginx/nginx.conf文件

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    user root;
    worker_processes auto;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    pid /run/nginx.pid;

    # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
    include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

    events {
        worker_connections 1024;
    }

    http {
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                          '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

        access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

        sendfile            on;
        tcp_nopush          on;
        tcp_nodelay         on;
        keepalive_timeout   65;
        types_hash_max_size 2048;

        include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        default_type        application/octet-stream;

        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    }

  2. 新增/etc/nginx/conf.d/blog.conf配置文件

    如果仅有公网ip、没有域名的情况，配置文件内容如下

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    server {
       listen        80;
       listen   [::]:80;
       # 配置为自己的公网IP
       server_name  106.14.19.58;
       
       location / {
         # 配置为服务器中个人博客的目录
         root   /root/document/blog;
         index  index.html index.htm;
       }
       
       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
       location = /50x.html {
         root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
       }
    }

    如果有域名、且有SSL证书的情况，配置文件内容如下

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    server {
        listen        80;
        listen   [::]:80;
        # 配置为自己的域名
        server_name  lbs.wiki;

        rewrite ^(.*)$ https://${server_name}$1 permanent;
    }

    server {
        listen  443 ssl;
        # 配置为自己的域名
        server_name  lbs.wiki;

        # 配置为自己ssl证书pem文件的路径
        ssl_certificate   /etc/nginx/ssl/lbs.wiki.pem;
        # 配置为自己ssl证书key文件的路径
        ssl_certificate_key   /etc/nginx/ssl/lbs.wiki.key;

        ssl_session_cache   shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout   5m;

        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
       
        location / {
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $http_host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            # 配置为服务器中个人博客的目录
            root   /root/document/blog;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }
    }

  3. 重新加载nginx配置

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    # 检查nginx配置文件是否正确
    /usr/sbin/nginx -t
    # 热加载nginx配置文件
    /usr/sbin/nginx -s reload

本地环境搭建

安装git环境

打开git-download链接，选择符合自己的系统点击进行下载即可，随后打开安装包一直进行下一步即可。

随后配置git全局变量

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# 修改为自己的邮箱
git config --global user.email "liboshuai01@gmail.com"
# 修改为自己的英文名
git config --global user.name "BoShuai Li"

安装nodejs与yarn环境

打开node.js-download这个链接，选择符合自己的系统环境复制命令到终端进行下载安装即可。

安装hexo环境

  1. 新建一个目录用于存储个人博客数据，例如：C:\Me\Project\other。

  2. 在新建的目录中打开git bash终端，执行下面的命令。

    一定要在C:\Me\Project\other目录下执行

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    # 全局安装hexo-cli
    yarn install -g hexo-cli
    # 创建并进入博客目录
    hexo init blog && cd blog
    # 安装Hexo项目依赖
    yarn install
    # 安装deploy命令支持
    yarn add hexo-deployer-git
    # 安装短链路径插件
    yarn add hexo-abbrlink
    # 启动Hexo本地服务
    hexo s

    下面是安装结束后的目录结构

    在浏览器打开http://localhost:4000查看页面

  3. 安装icarus主题

    一定要在C:\Me\Project\other\\blog目录下执行

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    # 通过yarn安装icarus主题
    yarn add hexo-theme-icarus hexo-renderer-inferno
    # 配置hexo当前主题为icarus
    hexo config theme icarus
    # 重新启动hexo验证主题是否生效
    hexo s

    icarus主题生效后，目录中多出了_config.icarus.yml这个文件

    在浏览器打开http://localhost:4000查看页面

  4. 配置远程部署地址，修改_config.yml文件中的deploy项

    注意：我的ssh端口为22222，而非22

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    deploy:
      type: 'git'
      repo: ssh://root@106.14.19.58:22222/root/document/hexo.git
      branch: master

  5. 配置本地SSH免密登录服务器（使用git bash）

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    # 生成密钥，随后一路回车
    ssh-keygen -t rsa
    # 这一步的目的是将本地生产的`id_rsa.pub`文件的内容拷贝到服务器上的`~/.ssh/authorized_keys`文件中
    # 当然也可以自己手动将生成的`id_rsa.pub`文件内容拷贝到服务器上的`~/.ssh/authorized_keys`文件中
    ssh -p 22222 root@106.14.19.58 "cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys" < C:/Users/libos/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

    现在需要测试一下本地是否可以免密登录到服务器了

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    ssh -p 22222 root@106.14.19.58

  6. 发布博客内容到服务器

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    hexo clean && hexo d -g

  7. 浏览器打开https://lbs.wiki链接访问博客页面，进行查看

主题美化

_config.yml文件内容如下

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# Hexo Configuration
## Docs: https://hexo.io/docs/configuration.html
## Source: https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/

# Site
title: 技术博客
subtitle: '李博帅的技术博客'
description: '记录自己的技术成长'
keywords:
author: 李博帅
language: zh-CN
timezone: 'Asia/Shanghai'

# URL
## Set your site url here. For example, if you use GitHub Page, set url as 'https://username.github.io/project'
url: https://lbs.wiki
#permalink: :year/:month/:day/:title/
#permalink: '/pages/:title/'
permalink: '/pages/:abbrlink/'
permalink_defaults:
pretty_urls:
  trailing_index: true # Set to false to remove trailing 'index.html' from permalinks
  trailing_html: true # Set to false to remove trailing '.html' from permalinks
# abbrlink config
abbrlink:
   alg: crc32      # Algorithm used to calc abbrlink. Support crc16(default) and crc32
   rep: hex        # Representation of abbrlink in URLs. Support dec(default) and hex
   drafts: false   # Whether to generate abbrlink for drafts. (false in default)
   force: false    # Enable force mode. In this mode, the plugin will ignore the cache, and calc the abbrlink for every post even it already had an abbrlink. (false in default)
   writeback: true # Whether to write changes to front-matters back to the actual markdown files. (true in default)

# Directory
source_dir: source
public_dir: public
tag_dir: tags
archive_dir: archives
category_dir: categories
code_dir: downloads/code
i18n_dir: :lang
skip_render:

# Writing
new_post_name: :title.md # File name of new posts
default_layout: post
titlecase: false # Transform title into titlecase
external_link:
  enable: true # Open external links in new tab
  field: site # Apply to the whole site
  exclude: ''
filename_case: 0
render_drafts: false
post_asset_folder: false
relative_link: false
future: true
syntax_highlighter: highlight.js
highlight:
  line_number: true
  auto_detect: false
  tab_replace: ''
  wrap: true
  hljs: false
prismjs:
  preprocess: true
  line_number: true
  tab_replace: ''

# Home page setting
# path: Root path for your blogs index page. (default = '')
# per_page: Posts displayed per page. (0 = disable pagination)
# order_by: Posts order. (Order by date descending by default)
index_generator:
  path: ''
  per_page: 10
  order_by: -date

# Category & Tag
default_category: uncategorized
category_map:
tag_map:

# Metadata elements
## https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/meta
meta_generator: true

# Date / Time format
## Hexo uses Moment.js to parse and display date
## You can customize the date format as defined in
## http://momentjs.com/docs/#/displaying/format/
date_format: YYYY-MM-DD
time_format: HH:mm:ss
## updated_option supports 'mtime', 'date', 'empty'
updated_option: 'mtime'

# Pagination
## Set per_page to 0 to disable pagination
per_page: 10
pagination_dir: page

# Include / Exclude file(s)
## include:/exclude: options only apply to the 'source/' folder
include:
exclude:
ignore:

# Extensions
## Plugins: https://hexo.io/plugins/
## Themes: https://hexo.io/themes/
theme: icarus

# Deployment
## Docs: https://hexo.io/docs/one-command-deployment
deploy:
  type: 'git'
  repo: ssh://root@106.14.19.58:22222/root/document/hexo.git
  branch: master

_config.icarus.yml配置文件内容如下

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# Version of the configuration file
version: 5.1.0
# Icarus theme variant, can be "default" or "cyberpunk"
variant: default
# Path or URL to the website's logo
logo: https://lbs-images.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/202503181853491.svg
# Page metadata configurations
head:
   # URL or path to the website's icon
   favicon: https://lbs-images.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/202503181853491.svg
   # Web application manifests configuration
   # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Manifest
   manifest:
      # Name of the web application (default to the site title)
      name:
      # The displayed name of the web application
      # when there is not enough space to display full name
      short_name:
      # The start URL of the web application
      start_url:
      # The default theme color for the application
      theme_color:
      # A placeholder background color for the application page to display
      # before its stylesheet is loaded
      background_color:
      # The preferred display mode for the website
      display: standalone
      # Image files that can serve as application icons for different contexts
      icons:
         -
            # The path to the image file
            src: ''
            # A string containing space-separated image dimensions
            sizes: ''
            # A hint as to the media type of the image
            type:
   # Open Graph metadata
   # https://hexo.io/docs/helpers.html#open-graph
   open_graph:
      # Page title (og:title) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      title:
      # Page type (og:type) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      type: blog
      # Page URL (og:url) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      url:
      # Page cover (og:image) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      image:
      # Site name (og:site_name) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      site_name:
      # Page author (article:author) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      author:
      # Page description (og:description) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      description:
      # Twitter card type (twitter:card)
      twitter_card:
      # Twitter ID (twitter:creator)
      twitter_id:
      # Twitter Site (twitter:site)
      twitter_site:
      # Google+ profile link (deprecated)
      google_plus:
      # Facebook admin ID
      fb_admins:
      # Facebook App ID
      fb_app_id:
   # Structured data of the page
   # https://developers.google.com/search/docs/guides/intro-structured-data
   structured_data:
      # Page title (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      title:
      # Page description (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      description:
      # Page URL (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      url:
      # Page author (article:author) (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      author:
      # Page publisher (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      publisher:
      # Page publisher logo (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      publisher_logo:
      # Page images (optional)
      # You should leave this blank for most of the time
      image:
   # Additional HTML meta tags in an array
   meta:
      # Meta tag specified in <attribute>=<value> style
      # E.g., name=theme-color;content=#123456 => <meta name="theme-color" content="#123456">
      - ''
   # URL or path to the website's RSS atom.xml
   rss:
# Page top navigation bar configurations
navbar:
   # Navigation menu items
   menu:
      首页: /
      归档: /archives
      分类: /categories
      标签: /tags
   #        关于: /about
   # Links to be shown on the right of the navigation bar
   links:
      Download on GitHub:
         icon: fab fa-github
         url: https://github.com/liboshuai01
# Page footer configurations
footer:
   # Copyright text
   copyright: © 2025
   # Links to be shown on the right of the footer section
   links:
#        Creative Commons:
#            icon: fab fa-creative-commons
#            url: https://creativecommons.org/
#        Attribution 4.0 International:
#            icon: fab fa-creative-commons-by
#            url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
#        Download on GitHub:
#            icon: fab fa-github
#            url: https://github.com/ppoffice/hexo-theme-icarus
# Article related configurations
article:
   # Code highlight settings
   highlight:
      # Code highlight themes
      # https://github.com/highlightjs/highlight.js/tree/master/src/styles
      theme: atom-one-light
      # Show copy code button
      clipboard: true
      # Default folding status of the code blocks. Can be "", "folded", "unfolded"
      fold: unfolded
   # Whether to show estimated article reading time
   readtime: true
   # Whether to show updated time. For "auto", shows article update time only when page.updated is set and it is different from page.date
   update_time: true
   # Article licensing block
   licenses:
      Creative Commons:
         icon: fab fa-creative-commons
         url: https://creativecommons.org/
      Attribution:
         icon: fab fa-creative-commons-by
         url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
      Noncommercial:
         icon: fab fa-creative-commons-nc
         url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
# Search plugin configurations
# https://ppoffice.github.io/hexo-theme-icarus/categories/Plugins/Search/
search:
   type: insight
   # Whether to include pages in the search results
   index_pages: true
# Comment plugin configurations
# https://ppoffice.github.io/hexo-theme-icarus/categories/Plugins/Comment/
#comment:
#    type: disqus
#    # Disqus shortname
#    shortname: ''
# Donate plugin configurations
# https://ppoffice.github.io/hexo-theme-icarus/categories/Plugins/Donation/
#donates:
#    # "Afdian.net" donate button configurations
#    -
#        type: afdian
#        # URL to the "Afdian.net" personal page
#        url: ''
#    # Alipay donate button configurations
#    -
#        type: alipay
#        # Alipay qrcode image URL
#        qrcode: ''
#    # "Buy me a coffee" donate button configurations
#    -
#        type: buymeacoffee
#        # URL to the "Buy me a coffee" page
#        url: ''
#    # Patreon donate button configurations
#    -
#        type: patreon
#        # URL to the Patreon page
#        url: ''
#    # Paypal donate button configurations
#    -
#        type: paypal
#        # Paypal business ID or email address
#        business: ''
#        # Currency code
#        currency_code: USD
#    # Wechat donate button configurations
#    -
#        type: wechat
#        # Wechat qrcode image URL
#        qrcode: ''
# Share plugin configurations
# https://ppoffice.github.io/hexo-theme-icarus/categories/Plugins/Share/
#share:
#    type: sharethis
#    # URL to the ShareThis share plugin script
#    install_url: ''
# Sidebar configurations.
# Please be noted that a sidebar is only visible when it has at least one widget
sidebar:
   # Left sidebar configurations
   left:
      # Whether the sidebar sticks to the top when page scrolls
      sticky: false
   # Right sidebar configurations
   right:
      # Whether the sidebar sticks to the top when page scrolls
      sticky: false
# Sidebar widget configurations
# http://ppoffice.github.io/hexo-theme-icarus/categories/Widgets/
widgets:
   # Profile widget configurations
   -
      # Where should the widget be placed, left sidebar or right sidebar
      position: left
      type: profile
      # Author name
      author: 李博帅
      # Author title
      author_title: Java Developer
      # Author's current location
      location: Shang Hai
      # URL or path to the avatar image
      avatar: https://lbs-images.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/202503181739528.jpg
      # Whether show the rounded avatar image
      avatar_rounded: true
      # Email address for the Gravatar
      gravatar:
      # URL or path for the follow button
      follow_link: https://github.com/liboshuai01
      # Links to be shown on the bottom of the profile widget
      social_links:
         Github:
            icon: fab fa-github
            url: https://github.com/liboshuai01
   # Table of contents widget configurations
   -
      # Where should the widget be placed, left sidebar or right sidebar
      position: left
      type: toc
      # Whether to show the index of each heading
      index: true
      # Whether to collapse sub-headings when they are out-of-view
      collapsed: false
      # Maximum level of headings to show (1-6)
      depth: 2
   # Recommendation links widget configurations
   -
      # Where should the widget be placed, left sidebar or right sidebar
      position: left
      type: links
      # Names and URLs of the sites
      links:
         Github: https://github.com/liboshuai01
         Gitee: https://gitee.com/liboshuai01
         掘金: https://juejin.cn/user/1878395516357111
   # Categories widget configurations
   -
      # Where should the widget be placed, left sidebar or right sidebar
      position: left
      type: categories
   # Recent posts widget configurations
   -
      # Where should the widget be placed, left sidebar or right sidebar
      position: left
      type: recent_posts
   # Archives widget configurations
   -
      # Where should the widget be placed, left sidebar or right sidebar
      position: left
      type: archives
   # Tags widget configurations
   -
      # Where should the widget be placed, left sidebar or right sidebar
      position: left
      type: tags
      # How to order tags. For example 'name' to order by name in ascending order, and '-length' to order by number of posts in each tags in descending order
      order_by: name
      # Amount of tags to show. Will show all if not set.
      amount: 20
      # Whether to show tags count, i.e. number of posts in the tag.
      show_count: true
# Plugin configurations
# https://ppoffice.github.io/hexo-theme-icarus/categories/Plugins/
plugins:
   # Enable page startup animations
   animejs: true
   # Show the "back to top" button
   back_to_top: true
   # Baidu Analytics plugin settings
   # https://tongji.baidu.com
   baidu_analytics:
      # Baidu Analytics tracking ID
      tracking_id:
   # Bing Webmaster Tools plugin settings
   # https://www.bing.com/toolbox/webmaster/
   bing_webmaster:
      # Bing Webmaster Tools tracking ID in the <meta> tag
      tracking_id:
   # BuSuanZi site/page view counter
   # https://busuanzi.ibruce.info
   busuanzi: false
   # CNZZ statistics
   # https://www.umeng.com/web
   cnzz:
      # CNZZ tracker id
      id:
      # CNZZ website id
      web_id:
   # Alerting users about the use of cookies
   # https://www.osano.com/cookieconsent/
   cookie_consent:
      # The compliance type. Can be "info", "opt-in", or "opt-out"
      type: info
      # Theme of the popup. Can be "block", "edgeless", or "classic"
      theme: edgeless
      # Whether the popup should stay static regardless of the page scrolls
      static: false
      # Where on the screen the consent popup should display
      position: bottom-left
      # URL to your site's cookie policy
      policyLink: https://www.cookiesandyou.com/
   # Enable the lightGallery and Justified Gallery plugins
   gallery: true
   # Google Analytics plugin settings
   # https://analytics.google.com
   google_analytics:
      # Google Analytics tracking ID
      tracking_id:
   # Hotjar user feedback plugin
   # https://www.hotjar.com/
   hotjar:
      # Hotjar site id
      site_id:
   # Enable the KaTeX math typesetting support
   # https://katex.org/
   katex: false
   # Enable the MathJax math typesetting support
   # https://www.mathjax.org/
   mathjax: false
   # Enable the Outdated Browser plugin
   # http://outdatedbrowser.com/
   outdated_browser: false
   # Enable PJAX
   pjax: true
   # Show a progress bar at top of the page on page loading
   progressbar: true
   # Statcounter statistics
   # https://statcounter.com/
   statcounter:
      # Statcounter project id
      project:
      # Statcounter project security code
      security:
   # Twitter conversion tracking plugin settings
   # https://business.twitter.com/en/help/campaign-measurement-and-analytics/conversion-tracking-for-websites.html
   twitter_conversion_tracking:
      # Twitter Pixel ID
      pixel_id:
# CDN provider settings
# https://ppoffice.github.io/hexo-theme-icarus/Configuration/Theme/speed-up-your-site-with-custom-cdn/
providers:
   # Name or URL template of the JavaScript and/or stylesheet CDN provider
   cdn: jsdelivr
   # Name or URL template of the webfont CDN provider
   fontcdn: google
   # Name or URL of the fontawesome icon font CDN provider
   iconcdn: fontawesome

hexo常用命令

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# 初始化站点，生成一个简单网站所需的各种文件。
hexo init

# 清除缓存 网页正常情况下可以忽略此条命令（简写 hexo c）
hexo clean

# 新建文章
hexo new "postName" 

# 新建页面
hexo new page "pageName" 

# 生成静态页面至public目录 简写：hexo g
hexo generate 

# 开启预览访问端口（默认端口4000，'ctrl + c'关闭server） 简写：hexo s，可用--debug
hexo server 

# 将.deploy目录部署到GitHub 简写：hexo d
hexo deploy 

# 组合命令，先生成页面，后部署到服务器
hexo d -g

结语

这样就可以在本地编写博文，然后快速部署到服务器中。

参考: https://www.cnblogs.com/cheyaoyao/p/17836522.html

Centos部署Hexo个人博客实战指南

https://lbs.wiki/pages/b3552560/

作者

李博帅

发布于

2025-04-08

更新于

2025-06-05

许可协议

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